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笔记
php建站经常会遇到验证码不显示的情况，特别是php网站程序搬移服务器或者更换主机时经常会遇到，可能你已经在网上找了很多方法，按着做了一遍还是不显示，那你就需要用到本笔记的一些内容了。废话不多说，先把网上得解决方法的整理一下：
1、未安装或未开启gd模块
出现验证码不显示的情况，最基本的一个错误就是你很可能在php里面忘记安装gd模块了。window环境下面只需要在php.ini文件里面找到，注意不同版本的php配置项是有区别的，如下：
;extension=php_gd2.dll ### PHP 5.* 版本 ;extension=gd2 ### PHP 7.* 版本
;extension=gd ### PHP 8.* 版本
把前面的分号去掉就可以了，重启apache后，你就可以在phpinfo()里面找到这个
如果是在ubuntu等linux环境下面，你需要安装gd模块
2、文档使用了有BOM的编码格式
如果你的gd库安装并开启了，任然不显示验证码，那就可能是你的生成文档可能采用了有BOM的utf-8。
UTF-8 BOM又叫UTF-8 签名，其实UTF-8 的BOM对UFT-8没有作用，是为了支持UTF-16、UTF-32才加上的BOM，BOM签名的意思就是告诉编辑器当前文件采用何种编码，方便编辑器识别，但是BOM虽然在编辑器中不显示，但是会产生输出，就像多了一个空行（一般是三个字节）。session_start();开启前是不能有输出的，而这个UTF-8 BOM产生输出是在文档最上方，所以会导致出错。
这时采用无BOM的UTF-8格式就可以解决问题，所以你需要将代码的编码格式改成无BOM格式。采用编辑器修改下编码格式即可。
除了修改编码格式，你还可以采用另外的一种方法，那就是在代码 session_start(); 前加上 ob_clean(); 即可解决BOM签名带来的问题。
<?php ob_clean(); session_start(); ....
什么？你说你上边的方法你都做了，验证码还不显示，好吧，这种问题我也遇到了，你的新环境版本是不是PHP7.*？是的话，那么你就来对地方了。
3、填充内容函数imagettftext()参数和php版本问题
问题是出现在笔者安装了多个php版本环境进行程序兼容测试中，测试的php版本包括PHP5.*的几个版本，PHP7.*的几个版本和PHP8.*的几个版本，测试发现PHP5.*和PHP8.*下能正常显示验证码，而在PHP7.*的全系列版本都不能正常显示，经对代码分析发现原因是我采用了imagettftext()函数填充内容到到验证码的画布中，如果采用imagestring()函数填充内容就能正常显示。
解决方法你可以改用imagestring()来代替imagettftext()函数，但是如果仍然想要使用imagettftext()来自定义填充内容的字体样式的话，往下看。
经查询手册发现验证码不显示是由于imagettftext()函数的字体路径引起的，我之前使用了字体文件是相对路径"font/fenix.ttf"，这种写法，php5.X和php8.X支持，但是php7.X需要是使用绝度路径，即使用'D:/www/core/font/fenix.ttf'这种形式，经测试采用网络形式的加载也是可行的"https://www.ideashu.cn/core/font/fenix.ttf"，为了兼容此处改用绝对路径即可完美解决问题。
代码如下（代码是在项目中使用的，有些是项目中定义好的常量和变量，切勿直接复制使用）：
//imagestring($image,$fontsize,$x,$y,$fontcontent,$fontcolor);// 填充内容到画布中 $fonturl=IDEA_ROOT .'/core/font/fenix.ttf';//php5.X和php8.X支持相对路径font/fenix.ttf，但是php7.X需要使用绝对路径，为了兼容此改该用绝对路径 imagettftext($image,$fontsize,0,$x,$y,$fontcolor,$fonturl,$fontcontent);
谢谢你的阅读，希望能够帮到你。
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转载请注明本文标题和链接：《 解决php验证码不显示问题，解决php7/php8的验证码不显示情况 》
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